Which Google algorithm update was created to manipulative link building techniques to rank in Google search engine ranking?

Gogle's Penguin Algorithm update was aimed to avoid manipulative search engine listing generated by low quality and spam link building techniques.

That is Google's Penguin Algorithm update is created to manipulative link building techniques to rank in Google search engine ranking. Google has launched the Penguin Update in April 2012 to better catch sites deemed to be spamming its search results.